פרחים ורודים של צמח הסחלב

🦋 Orchid - The complete guide to growing and caring for it


📋 Quick summary - everything you need to know at a glance

☀️ Light:
Bright and filtered
No direct sun!
💧 Irrigation:
Once a week or two
Only when the substrate is dry
🏠 Location:
Home / Office
Classic houseplant
📊 Difficulty level:
Easy-medium
Suitable for beginners
🐾 Safety:
Non-toxic
Safe for pets
🌡️ Temperature:
18-28°C
Tropical, heat-loving

🌱 Getting to know the orchid

Naming and identification

  • Hebrew name: Orchid
  • Scientific name: Phalaenopsis
  • Common names: Butterfly orchid, moth orchid, butterfly orchid
  • Family: Orchidaceae

Origin and history

The orchid comes from the tropical rainforests of Southeast Asia, India, China and northern Australia. In nature, it grows as an epiphyte plant - clinging to tree trunks and rocks, receiving moisture and food from the air and rain.

The name "Phalaenopsis" comes from the Greek: phalaina (moth/butterfly) + opsis (appearance) - because of the shape of the flowers.

Why grow an orchid?

  • 🦋 Spectacular flowers: butterfly-shaped
  • 🌺 Long flowering: up to 3-6 months!
  • 🎨 Variety of colors: white, pink, purple, yellow and more
  • 🏠 Perfect houseplant: thrives in home conditions
  • 🎁 Elegant gift: Luxurious for any occasion
  • 💪 Live for many years: with proper care!

Characteristics

  • Height: 15-60 cm
  • Leaves: Green, thick and fleshy
  • Flowering: Once or twice a year
  • Flowering duration: 2-6 months

🌿 The Secret of the Orchid - An Epiphytic Plant

What makes the orchid special - it doesn't grow in ordinary soil!

In nature 🌳

Orchids grow on tree trunks and rocks, not in the ground . The roots cling to the wood and receive moisture and food from the air and rain.

At home 🏠

That's why the orchid grows in a special substrate of tree bark rather than regular soil, and in a transparent pot that allows light to reach the roots.

💡 Why is the flowerpot transparent?

In nature, the roots are exposed to light. The transparent pot allows you to see the condition of the roots (healthy = green/silver, rotten = brown) and know when to water!

🎨 Popular orchid types

There are over 28,000 species of orchids in the world! Here are the most common:

🦋

Phalaenopsis

Most common, easy to grow

🌸

Dendrobium

Many small flowers

🌺

Cattleya

Large, fragrant flowers

💜

Wanda

Bright colors, for advanced users

🌷

Cymbidium

Flowers on long stems

Oncidium

"Dancing Orchid"

💡 Recommendation for beginners: Start with Phalaenopsis - the easiest to grow and blooms for a long time!

🎨 Phalaenopsis orchid colors

white

💗

pink

💜

purple

💛

yellow

🧡

orange

🔴

red

🎨

mottled

💙

blue*

* Blue orchids are usually white orchids that have been dyed. When they re-bloom, they will return to white.

🌤️ Growing conditions - the key to success

☀️ Light - the most important factor!

Ideal type of light: bright and filtered, not direct

✅ Ideal:
East or north window, diffused light
❌ Avoid:
Direct midday sun (you'll burn!)

How do you know if there is enough light?

  • Light green/olive leaves: Perfect light ✅
  • Dark green leaves: Lack of light! Move to a brighter location
  • Reddish/yellow leaves: Too much light! Keep out of the sun

💡 Tip: Lack of light = the main reason why an orchid doesn't bloom!

💧 Irrigation - less is more!

The golden rule: an orchid would rather be too dry than too wet!

Watering frequency:

  • Summer: Once a week
  • Winter: once a week or two
  • Rule: Only when the substrate is completely dry!

How do you know when to water?

🟢 Green roots:
Saturated with water - do not water!
⚪ Silver/White Roots:
Thirsty - it's time to water!

Irrigation methods:

  1. Soaking method (recommended!): Place the pot in a bowl of water for 10-15 minutes, remove and drain well.
  2. Normal watering: Water until water comes out of the bottom, empty the saucer after 20 minutes.
💡 Type of water: Rainwater, air conditioner water, or filtered water are preferable. Hard tap water can damage the roots.

💨 Humidity

Requirement: High humidity - 50-70%

How to increase humidity?

  • 🚿 Spray leaves (not on the flowers!)
  • 🪨 Pebble tray with water under the flower pot
  • 🌿 Grouping with other plants
  • 🚿 Location in a bright bathroom
⚠️ Important: The orchid also adapts to normal home conditions, but will bloom more in high humidity.

🌡️ Temperature

Ideal range: 18-28°C (normal room temperature!)

  • 🏠 Perfect normal home temperature
  • ❄️ Keep away from air conditioners (cold air flow)
  • 🔥 Keep away from heaters and radiators
  • 🌙 Day-night difference encourages flowering
💡 Flowering tip: To encourage flowering, expose the orchid to cooler night temperatures (15-18°C) for 3-4 weeks in the fall.

🪴 Growing medium and flowerpot

Special substrate for orchids:

Not ordinary soil! Orchids grow in a special substrate:

  • ✅ Pine bark (most common)
  • ✅ Coconut fiber
  • ✅ Sphagnum moss
  • ✅ Perlite for aeration

Choosing a flower pot:

  • Transparent flowerpot: allows light to reach the roots and see when to water
  • Drainage holes: Critical! Orchids do not tolerate standing water.
  • Size: relatively small - orchids like "pressure" in the roots

Transfer to a pot:

  • Every 2-3 years
  • Not during flowering!
  • In spring or summer
  • A pot that is only 2-3 cm larger

🧪 Fertilization

Principle: "Less is more" - dilute and infrequently .

Fertilization schedule:

🌸 Spring-Summer:
Once every two weeks, diluted to a quarter
🍂 Autumn:
Once a month
❄️ Winter:
Break or minimum

Fertilizer type:

  • Special fertilizer for orchids: Recommended!
  • NPK ratio: 30-10-10 for growth, or balanced
  • Mixtures: A quarter of the recommended concentration!
⚠️ Important:
  • Do not fertilize a dry orchid - always water first!
  • Do not fertilize during flowering.
  • Over-fertilizing will burn the roots.

🌸 How to make an orchid bloom again? - The most common question!

The orchid doesn't die when the flowers fall! It simply stores energy for the next bloom.

Step 1: What to do when the flowers wilt?

Trim the flowering stem:

  • Option 1 (quick): Cut above the second node from the bottom - a new flowering branch may emerge.
  • Option 2 (for a stronger plant): Cut the entire stem to the base - it will bloom next season with more beautiful flowers.

Step 2: Treatment between rashes

  • ✅ Continue watering as usual
  • ✅ We wash once a month
  • ✅ Maintain good lighting conditions
  • ✅ Be patient! It can take months

Step 3: The "trick" to flowering - night cold!

The gardeners' secret:

  1. In autumn, expose the orchid to cooler night temperatures ( 15-18°C ).
  2. For 3-4 weeks
  3. The difference between day and night (5-8 degrees) stimulates the plant to bloom.
  4. Reduce watering during this period.

💡 Where? Near a window at night, on a sheltered balcony, or in an unheated room.

Why isn't my orchid blooming?

❌ Lack of light

Reason #1! Move to a brighter place

❌ Constant temperature

No difference between day and night

❌ Overfertilization

Especially nitrogen - leaves at the expense of flowers

❌ Plant too young

It takes time to establish itself.

🔧 Common problems and solutions

🟡 Yellowing leaves

Reasons:

  • Natural aging (lower leaves) - normal!
  • Overwatering/Root rot
  • Direct sunlight is too strong
  • Lack of fertilizer

🟤 Rotten roots

Signs: Soft, brown, smelly roots

Reason: Overwatering!

solution:

  • Remove from the pot
  • Prune away rotten roots
  • Let it dry for a day or two.
  • Plant in a new substrate

🥀 Loose/wrinkled leaves

Reasons:

  • Deficiency irrigation (rare)
  • Rotten roots (common!)
  • Humidity too low

Solution: Check roots first!

🔴 Spots on the leaves

Possible reasons:

  • Yellow spots: sunburn
  • Black spots: fungal/bacterial disease
  • White spots: powdery mildew

Solution: Remove infected leaves, improve ventilation

🐛 Common pests

Aphids shield

Brown lumps. Wiped with alcohol.

Mealybugs

White lumps. Alcohol + soap

Mites (spider mites)

Thin webs. Increase humidity.

Snails

Holes in the leaves. Remove manually.

🔄 Orchid proliferation

Common method: Keiki - a "baby" that grows on the flowering stem

What is a cake?

Sometimes a small miniature plant with its own leaves and roots grows on the flowering stem - it's a keiki!

How to separate cakes:

  1. Wait until it has at least 3 leaves and 3 roots 5 cm long.
  2. With a sharp, sterilized knife, cut about 2 cm from both sides of the cake.
  3. Plant in moist orchid medium
  4. Maintain higher humidity at first
💡 Tip: Propagating orchids requires patience! The keiki will take time to grow and bloom (1-2 years).

❓ Frequently Asked Questions

How long does an orchid bloom last?

2-6 months! This is one of the longest blooms in the plant world. Under good conditions, it can last up to six months.

Is an orchid poisonous?

No! Phalaenopsis orchids are considered non-toxic and safe for homes with pets.

How many years can an orchid live?

With proper care - decades! Some orchids live 15-20 years or more.

Why are the roots coming out of the pot?

This is normal! These are "air roots" - in nature they grow exposed. Do not cut them!

Can I water with ice cubes?

Popular but not recommended method - Orchids are tropical plants that don't like cold. Room temperature water is best.

When is the best time to transplant into a pot?

In spring or summer, after the blooms are over . Never during bloom - the flowers will fall!

My flowers have fallen - is the orchid dead?

Absolutely not! This is natural. The orchid is storing energy and will bloom again. Continue to care as usual.

Can I take an orchid outside?

Yes, in summer only ! In partial shade, protected from direct rain and wind. Bring in when the temperature drops below 15°C.

💡 Professional tips

🧹 Leaf cleaning

Wipe leaves with a damp cloth. For shine - drizzle with squeezed lemon!

🔄 Rotation

Do not rotate during flowering - the flowers may fall!

📍 Support

Use a support stick for the heavy flowering stem.

🌬️ Ventilation

Gentle air movement prevents disease.

🛒 Recommended products from Deco Garden

🦋

Phalaenopsis orchid

In a variety of colors

🧪

Fertilizer for orchids

Special for flowering

🌱

Orchid substrate

Pine bark

🪴

Transparent flowerpot

With drainage

💦

spray

To increase humidity

📍

Support sticks

To the flowering stem

📊 Summary table - all information in one place

category Details
☀️ Light Bright and filtered, no direct sun
💧 Irrigation Once a week or two, only when dry
💨 Humidity 50-70%, adapts to home conditions
🌡️ Temperature 18-28°C, cool night for flowering
🧪 Fertilization Once every two weeks-a month, diluted
🌱 Substrate Tree bark/coconut fiber, not soil!
📏 Size 15-60 cm height
🌸 Blossom Once or twice a year, 2-6 months
🎨 Colors White, pink, purple, yellow, spotted
🐾 Toxicity Non-toxic - safe for pets and children

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The guide was written by the Deco Garden team of experts.

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